With the ISS slated for retirement in 2024, other countries that want a long-term human presence in low Earth orbit may be lured into partnering with China on the CSS. The China National Space Administration (CNSA) has announced that the permanent Chinese Space Station (CSS) should be fully operational by the year 2022. China launched the Tiangong-1 and Tiangong-2 space laboratories in 20, respectively, as testbeds for a permanent space station. Without a way to contribute to the International Space Station (ISS), China began development and testing its own modular space station. Being left out of U.S.-led international missions has not deterred China in space, but instead has pushed China to develop parallel capabilities on its own. And during that time, China’s economy, global influence, and space capabilities have continued to grow. has not seen the desired changes in Chinese human rights policies that the Wolf Amendment was intended to spur. However, in the eight years since the first iteration of this amendment, the U.S. In a 2013 letter to former NASA Administrator Charles Bolden, Representative Wolf stated his “efforts to limit new collaboration with China until we see improvements in its human rights records.” The FBI must certify that there is no risk of information sharing and that none of the Chinese officials involved have been determined by the United States to have direct involvement with violations of human rights. The language of the Wolf Amendment says that no government funding for NASA, the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), or the National Space Council can be used to collaborate with, host, or coordinate bilaterally with China or Chinese-owned companies without certification from the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI). Keeping the Wolf Amendment language is in every sense a bad idea: it does nothing to promote human rights and it hands China an opportunity to challenge NASA’s leadership in civil space exploration. Though the amendment does not prohibit all collaboration between the two countries, the result has proven to be a significant hindrance to bilateral civil space projects. Although Rep Wolf retired in 2014, the amendment has perpetuated and continues to be included in the annual CJS appropriations bill. government agencies, such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), from working with Chinese commercial or government agencies. They are welcome to apply for study using the data to further humankind's astronomical exploration.In 2011, Representative Frank Wolf (R-VA) introduced what is now commonly referred to as the Wolf Amendment into the annual commerce, justice, and science (CJS) appropriations bill. The CNSA claims that, at the proper moment, the scientific data will be accessible to researchers all around the world, including those at the NASA of the United States and the ESA of Europe. Scientists can use this information to examine the red planet's surface in new ways.
SEE ALSO: Mars Rover Confronts Spindly, Crooked Finger RocksĪfter years of operations and martian exploration, the Tianwen-1 Mars mission has gathered 1,040 gigabytes of original scientific data. SEE ALSO: NASA’s Dust-Choked Insight Lander On Mars Might Run Out Of Power SoonĬheck out the incredible images below:- Credit: CNSA Credit: CNSA Credit: CNSA CNSAĪccording to CNSA, the images were taken by the probe's orbiter, which conducted 1,344 orbits around Mars and captured images of the planet from all angles as the rover explored the surface. The images, which the space agency posted on social media, show the harsh terrain of Mars beautiful landscape, such as the south pole ice sheet, shield volcanoes, impact craters, and rocks and ridges of the Valles Marineris canyons, one of the largest canyons in the solar system. China's National Space Administration (CNSA) announced that the mission has achieved all of its stated goals, according to CGTN. The most recent pictures of Mars were taken on June 29 by the Chinese Tianwen-1 spacecraft. Some incredible images of the Martian were sent by China. Prepare to investigate these breathtaking Mars photos, which have never been captured by a nation.
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